Proof of the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis via Angular Monotonicity of the Completed L-function

We prove the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH) for all non-principal Dirichlet L-functions L(s,chi) with conductor q >= 3. The proof proceeds by combining the three-term polylogarithm decomposition of the Riemann zeta function with the completed L-function Lambda(s,chi) to form a product xi_K(s) = xi(s) * Lambda(s,chi). We then establish angular monotonicity of xi_K in polar coordinates centered at s = 1/2, which forces all zeros of xi_K (and hence all zeros of L(s,chi)) to lie on the critical line Re(s) = 1/2. The key ingredient is the non-negativity of the coefficients c_n = 1 - z_1^n - z_2^n, where z_1 = tan(pi/8), z_2 = 1 - tan(pi/8), which follows from elementary inequalities without assuming GRH. This establishes a direct bridge between the arithmetic positivity of the Dirichlet coefficients and the analytic monotonicity required for the zero-free region.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-08-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22139984
Primary Topic
Analytic Number Theory Research
Type
preprint
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preprint

Proof of the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis via Angular Monotonicity of the Completed L-function

Zhuo Chen
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
preprint

Proof of the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis via Angular Monotonicity of the Completed L-function

Zhuo Chen
preprint en

Abstract

We prove the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH) for all non-principal Dirichlet L-functions L(s,chi) with conductor q >= 3. The proof proceeds by combining the three-term polylogarithm decomposition of the Riemann zeta function with the completed L-function Lambda(s,chi) to form a product xi_K(s) = xi(s) * Lambda(s,chi). We then establish angular monotonicity of xi_K in polar coordinates centered at s = 1/2, which forces all zeros of xi_K (and hence all zeros of L(s,chi)) to lie on the critical line Re(s) = 1/2. The key ingredient is the non-negativity of the coefficients c_n = 1 - z_1^n - z_2^n, where z_1 = tan(pi/8), z_2 = 1 - tan(pi/8), which follows from elementary inequalities without assuming GRH. This establishes a direct bridge between the arithmetic positivity of the Dirichlet coefficients and the analytic monotonicity required for the zero-free region.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
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Proof of the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis via Angular Monotonicity of the Completed L-function — Zhuo Chen · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS