Impact of Plot Dimensions on the Sky-View Factor of a Residential Canyon in Indian Cities: A Parametric Analysis

Abstract Numerous studies have assessed the impact of urban canopy parameters on the urban heat island (UHI) effect. However, no tool is available to predict the UHI intensity in yet-to-be-developed urban areas. Nevertheless, development can be predicted by analyzing the applicable planning regulations and building codes, because building developments are subject to regulatory oversight. This study investigated the impact of variations in plot dimensions on the sky-view factor (SVF) using a parametric approach for regulated residential canyons. The results indicated that in small-sized plots, the SVF was influenced by plot dimensions, whereas in large-sized plots, building dimensions played a major role. Building width negatively affected the SVF, whereas building depth had a positive effect. On identical plots along the street, the SVF increased when the plan dimensions of the building along the street was varied in comparison with identical buildings. Varying the floor area ratio across plots along the street significantly reduced the SVF. Across all plot sizes, the allowance for variation in building height emerged as the most influential factor affecting the SVF. In scenarios where the building height remained constant, the front setback became the determinant of the SVF value. Delineating larger plots with greater depth relative to their width enhances the SVF. When plots are uniform in size, the dimensions of the building plans should be varied along the street, while maintaining consistent building heights and ensuring a straight building line. The incorporation of these planning policies for future development in urban areas will enhance the SVF, thereby mitigating the UHI effect and promoting sustainable urban development.