Healthcare equity in tribal areas in West Bengal, India: a social work inquiry into women’s satisfaction with public health services

Despite numerous government health programs designed to improve healthcare accessibility among tribal populations, disparities in implementation, cultural relevance, and systemic support may contribute to varying levels of satisfaction and limited overall impact. Evaluating tribal women's experiences with government health programs is important because it can help social work researchers identify service gaps and propose sustainable improvements in healthcare delivery for marginalized communities. The study surveyed 710 tribal women who had either utilized or were aware of government health schemes during the preceding year. Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle patterns, and satisfaction with healthcare services. Despite substantial infrastructural deficits, the study found a relatively high level of satisfaction with public health schemes among tribal women. Women from lower-income and less-educated groups reported greater satisfaction than those from higher-income and better-educated groups, while younger women reported comparatively higher levels of satisfaction with healthcare services. More than 70% of respondents expressed satisfaction with the healthcare services available in their communities. However, respondents also highlighted the need for additional hospitals (64%), more medical staff (76%), improved healthcare facilities (56%), and better transportation services (42%). To advance health equity, social work professionals should promote localized, culturally sensitive, and participatory approaches to public health in tribal areas. Government and non-governmental organizations should adopt a multipronged strategy to address persistent healthcare disparities and improve access to healthcare among tribal populations.