Electromagnetism Was Never Fundamental: ∆0 ⊂ Z as a ZDM Projection of the Zulfia Field

AbstractWe show that what has been called Electromagnetism for 160 years is not anindependent fundamental interaction. Using Zulfia Decomposition Mapping (ZDM)defined in [1], we demonstrate that the electromagnetic sector ∆0 is a proper subsetof the single unified field Z, i.e., ∆0 ⊂ Z. The Maxwell equations are derived asMaxwell = MZDM [Z-equation]|∆0 . This relationship link, absent in standalone EMtheory, naturally derives charge quantization e = ⟨Z|∆0⟩, exact masslessness of photonfrom orthogonality η · ∆0 = 0, and gravity-light coupling. The absence of magneticmonopoles is shown to be a strict consequence of ZDM, which forbids Z → ∆0 + ∆0.Thus, forces were never unified; they were never separate.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-08-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22131471
Primary Topic
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Electromagnetism Was Never Fundamental: ∆0 ⊂ Z as a ZDM Projection of the Zulfia Field

DR. ZULFIQAR ALI KHAN
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
article

Electromagnetism Was Never Fundamental: ∆0 ⊂ Z as a ZDM Projection of the Zulfia Field

DR. ZULFIQAR ALI KHAN
article en

Abstract

AbstractWe show that what has been called Electromagnetism for 160 years is not anindependent fundamental interaction. Using Zulfia Decomposition Mapping (ZDM)defined in [1], we demonstrate that the electromagnetic sector ∆0 is a proper subsetof the single unified field Z, i.e., ∆0 ⊂ Z. The Maxwell equations are derived asMaxwell = MZDM [Z-equation]|∆0 . This relationship link, absent in standalone EMtheory, naturally derives charge quantization e = ⟨Z|∆0⟩, exact masslessness of photonfrom orthogonality η · ∆0 = 0, and gravity-light coupling. The absence of magneticmonopoles is shown to be a strict consequence of ZDM, which forbids Z → ∆0 + ∆0.Thus, forces were never unified; they were never separate.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Openalex Percentile: Top 12%
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
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