Copper‐Catalyzed Hydroxylation of Simple Fluoroaryl and Aryl Chlorides: A Route to (Fluoro)phenols

A copper‐catalyzed conversion of polyfluoroaryl chlorides to the corresponding phenols was developed. A simple ligand system was applied, as well as potassium carbonate as an inexpensive and effective base, while significantly suppressing competing S N Ar pathways. The generality of the method was further demonstrated with simple aryl chlorides, which also underwent efficient hydroxylation. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds via a Cu(I)/Cu(III) catalytic cycle. Notably, the use of a sulfolane/water solvent system enabled high reactivity at a low catalyst loading, underscoring the practicality and scalability of this protocol.

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Publication Details

Journal
European Journal of Organic Chemistry
Published
2026-08-26
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70806
Primary Topic
Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Type
article
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article

Copper‐Catalyzed Hydroxylation of Simple Fluoroaryl and Aryl Chlorides: A Route to (Fluoro)phenols

Roland Goetz, Kailaskumar Borate, Jean‐Pierre Lindner, Thomas Schaub et al.
European Journal of Organic Chemistry
Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
article

Copper‐Catalyzed Hydroxylation of Simple Fluoroaryl and Aryl Chlorides: A Route to (Fluoro)phenols

Roland Goetz, Kailaskumar Borate, Jean‐Pierre Lindner, Thomas Schaub, Souvik Rakshit, A. Stephen K. Hashmi, Vikas Kumar Singh, Christian Winter, Rahul Kaduskar, Harish Shinde
article en

Abstract

A copper‐catalyzed conversion of polyfluoroaryl chlorides to the corresponding phenols was developed. A simple ligand system was applied, as well as potassium carbonate as an inexpensive and effective base, while significantly suppressing competing S N Ar pathways. The generality of the method was further demonstrated with simple aryl chlorides, which also underwent efficient hydroxylation. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds via a Cu(I)/Cu(III) catalytic cycle. Notably, the use of a sulfolane/water solvent system enabled high reactivity at a low catalyst loading, underscoring the practicality and scalability of this protocol.

European Journal of Organic Chemistry
Heidelberg University (DE), BASF (United States) (US), BASF (Germany) (DE), Bharat Serums and Vaccines (India) (IN)
Clean water and sanitation
Openalex Percentile: Top 11%
Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
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