Separating Verification-Regime Effects from Verifier Stochasticity in Coding-Agent Evaluation

LLM-generated tests and behavioral probes are increasingly used as measurement instruments in coding-agent evaluation. This preprint studies whether candidate-patch visibility changes verification outcomes beyond the verifier's own stochastic self-disagreement. In a prospectively frozen Phase-0 study, four fixed coding-agent submissions were evaluated on 20 SWE-bench tasks (80 task-candidate cells). Three Candidate-Blind verifier artifacts were generated per task and reused across four candidates, while three Candidate-Conditioned artifacts were generated per task-candidate pair. Seven aggregate verdicts changed across regimes. Replicate-level between-regime disagreement was 0.1236, compared with a within-regime stochastic baseline of 0.1208, yielding excess disagreement of 0.0028 and a ratio of 1.023. On the 16-task common-determinate subset, the largest candidate score change was -0.0625 and no strict pairwise ranking reversal occurred. The prospectively frozen decision was STOP. The central methodological implication is that same-regime replication is needed as an identification baseline before cross-condition disagreement is interpreted as a treatment effect when stochastic LLMs generate verification evidence.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-08-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22131623
Primary Topic
Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Type
preprint
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preprint

Separating Verification-Regime Effects from Verifier Stochasticity in Coding-Agent Evaluation

Haitam Kadri
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Behavioral and Psychological Studies
preprint

Separating Verification-Regime Effects from Verifier Stochasticity in Coding-Agent Evaluation

Haitam Kadri
preprint en

Abstract

LLM-generated tests and behavioral probes are increasingly used as measurement instruments in coding-agent evaluation. This preprint studies whether candidate-patch visibility changes verification outcomes beyond the verifier's own stochastic self-disagreement. In a prospectively frozen Phase-0 study, four fixed coding-agent submissions were evaluated on 20 SWE-bench tasks (80 task-candidate cells). Three Candidate-Blind verifier artifacts were generated per task and reused across four candidates, while three Candidate-Conditioned artifacts were generated per task-candidate pair. Seven aggregate verdicts changed across regimes. Replicate-level between-regime disagreement was 0.1236, compared with a within-regime stochastic baseline of 0.1208, yielding excess disagreement of 0.0028 and a ratio of 1.023. On the 16-task common-determinate subset, the largest candidate score change was -0.0625 and no strict pairwise ranking reversal occurred. The prospectively frozen decision was STOP. The central methodological implication is that same-regime replication is needed as an identification baseline before cross-condition disagreement is interpreted as a treatment effect when stochastic LLMs generate verification evidence.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Peace, Justice and strong institutions
Behavioral and Psychological Studies
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