Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale: Development and Validation of the Japanese Version and Its Short Form

ABSTRACT This study developed and provided initial validation evidence for a Japanese version of the Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (CPIC‐J) and a more efficient short form (CPIC‐JS) for Japanese older adolescents. Two independent samples of Japanese high school students aged 15–18 years ( N = 335; data collected December 2022–January 2023) completed the translated CPIC and measures of emotional security and adjustment. Competing structural models were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, including higher‐order and bifactor formulations, and the consistency of the measurement model across the two samples was examined. To create the short form, items were selected within each original subscale using graded response modeling and expert review to preserve content coverage while reducing participant burden. The best‐fitting model had a bifactor structure characterized by a relatively strong general IPC appraisal factor and more limited domain‐specific factors. CPIC‐J and CPIC‐JS scores exhibited theoretically consistent associations with emotional security and adolescent adjustment indicators, supporting convergent and criterion‐related validity. Findings indicate that the CPIC‐J provides a culturally appropriate tool for assessing adolescents' perceptions of interparental conflict in Japan, whereas the CPIC‐JS may offer a low‐burden alternative for large‐scale surveys and settings requiring brief assessment; however, domain‐level scores should be interpreted cautiously.