Identification of acoustic emission precursors for strainbursts in dry and saturated sandstone under true triaxial transient unloading

{"Groundwater":[0],"is":[1,16,155],"a":[2,24,60,96],"key":[3],"factor":[4],"influencing":[5],"rockburst":[6,28,46,82,188],"in":[7,119,196],"underground":[8,198],"engineering.":[9,199],"Identifying":[10],"how":[11],"water":[12,42],"alters":[13],"precursory":[14],"signals":[15],"essential":[17],"for":[18,131,144,170,187],"reliable":[19],"prediction":[20],"and":[21,35,50,58,71,87,112,157,191],"mitigation.":[22],"Using":[23],"self-developed":[25],"true":[26],"triaxial":[27],"system":[29],"integrated":[30,151],"with":[31,95,178],"high-speed":[32],"camera":[33],"(HSC)":[34],"acoustic":[36],"emission":[37],"(AE)":[38],"monitoring,":[39],"we":[40],"investigated":[41,107],"effects":[43],"on":[44,124],"sandstone":[45,78,133,172],"processes,":[47],"failure":[48],"modes":[49],"AE":[51,63,89,98,149],"evolution,":[52],"clarified":[53],"microscopic":[54],"water-induced":[55],"weakening":[56],"mechanisms,":[57],"developed":[59],"multi-parameter":[61,150],"coupled":[62],"precursor":[64,117,129],"model":[65],"incorporating":[66],"critical":[67],"slowing":[68],"down":[69],"(CSD)":[70],"Ib":[72,110],"value":[73,111],"theory.":[74],"Results":[75],"show":[76],"saturated":[77,132,171],"exhibits":[79],"significantly":[80],"reduced":[81],"strength,":[83],"ejected":[84],"fragment":[85],"mass":[86],"peak":[88],"energy":[90,99],"compared":[91,177],"to":[92,103],"dry":[93,145,179],"samples,":[94],"distinct":[97],"\\"quiet":[100],"period\\"":[101],"prior":[102],"instability.":[104],"Among":[105],"the":[106,109,120,128,167],"indicators,":[108],"Variance":[113],"(Var)":[114],"provided":[115],"clearer":[116],"responses":[118],"present":[121],"tests.":[122],"Based":[123],"Var":[125],"based":[126],"warning,":[127],"time":[130],"occurred":[134],"at":[135],"475":[136],"s,":[137],"which":[138],"was":[139,173],"45.7%":[140],"earlier":[141],"than":[142],"that":[143,166],"sandstone.":[146],"The":[147],"proposed":[148],"early":[152,189],"warning":[153,168,190],"framework":[154],"preliminary":[156],"requires":[158],"further":[159],"validation;":[160],"within":[161],"this":[162],"dataset,":[163],"it":[164],"indicated":[165],"interval":[169],"advanced":[174],"by":[175],"2.15%":[176],"conditions.":[180],"These":[181],"findings":[182],"offer":[183],"effective":[184],"AE-based":[185],"indicators":[186],"support":[192],"water-assisted":[193],"risk":[194],"control":[195],"deep":[197]}

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Canadian Geotechnical Journal
Published
2026-08-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2026-0183
Primary Topic
Rock Mechanics and Modeling
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
article

Identification of acoustic emission precursors for strainbursts in dry and saturated sandstone under true triaxial transient unloading

Dongqiao Liu, Jie Hu, Wentao Wang, Dejian Li et al.
Canadian Geotechnical Journal
Rock Mechanics and Modeling
article

Identification of acoustic emission precursors for strainbursts in dry and saturated sandstone under true triaxial transient unloading

Dongqiao Liu, Jie Hu, Wentao Wang, Dejian Li, Gang Ma, Manchao He
article en

Abstract

Groundwater is a key factor influencing rockburst in underground engineering. Identifying how water alters precursory signals is essential for reliable prediction and mitigation. Using a self-developed true triaxial rockburst system integrated with high-speed camera (HSC) and acoustic emission (AE) monitoring, we investigated water effects on sandstone rockburst processes, failure modes and AE evolution, clarified microscopic water-induced weakening mechanisms, and developed a multi-parameter coupled AE precursor model incorporating critical slowing down (CSD) and Ib value theory. Results show saturated sandstone exhibits significantly reduced rockburst strength, ejected fragment mass and peak AE energy compared to dry samples, with a distinct AE energy "quiet period" prior to instability. Among the investigated indicators, the Ib value and Variance (Var) provided clearer precursor responses in the present tests. Based on Var based warning, the precursor time for saturated sandstone occurred at 475 s, which was 45.7% earlier than that for dry sandstone. The proposed AE multi-parameter integrated early warning framework is preliminary and requires further validation; within this dataset, it indicated that the warning interval for saturated sandstone was advanced by 2.15% compared with dry conditions. These findings offer effective AE-based indicators for rockburst early warning and support water-assisted risk control in deep underground engineering.

Canadian Geotechnical Journal
China University of Mining and Technology (CN), China University of Mining and Technology - Beijing
Clean water and sanitation
Openalex Percentile: Top 17%
Rock Mechanics and Modeling
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.