Ladder Model of the Filament (Qitmir) - A Preon Model with N=5

Ladder model for fractional charges. Formula Q=(n+-3)/3 with N=5 minimal. Gives +2/3, -1/3, -1, 0 charges. Two PDFs included English and Arabic with figures. Author Mahmoud Hadri.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-08-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22122641
Primary Topic
Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions
Type
preprint
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preprint

Ladder Model of the Filament (Qitmir) - A Preon Model with N=5

Mahmoud Hadri
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions
preprint

Ladder Model of the Filament (Qitmir) - A Preon Model with N=5

Mahmoud Hadri
preprint en

Abstract

Ladder model for fractional charges. Formula Q=(n+-3)/3 with N=5 minimal. Gives +2/3, -1/3, -1, 0 charges. Two PDFs included English and Arabic with figures. Author Mahmoud Hadri.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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Ladder Model of the Filament (Qitmir) - A Preon Model with N=5 — Mahmoud Hadri · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS