Urethral perforation and subsequent uroperitoneum as a novel complication of anal sacculectomy for massive apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma removal in a dog

Abstract A 12‐year‐old, male, neutered, Australian poodle was presented to the emergency department at a speciality care hospital for discomfort, lethargy and vomiting following left anal sacculectomy to excise a massive anal sac mass and medial iliac lymph node extirpation 2 days prior. On presentation, the dog was in a mixed hypovolaemic and distributive shock state, and point‐of‐care ultrasound revealed peritoneal effusion. Paired peritoneal effusion‐to‐plasma creatinine and potassium ratios were consistent with uroperitoneum. Flexible cystoscopy and fluoroscopic contrast cystourethrogram were performed, identifying a 2 cm linear full‐thickness defect of the urethral wall at the level of the pelvic flexure. A MILA Foley urinary catheter was placed via cystoscopic guidance, and surgical repair with primary closure of the urethral defect was performed. The urinary catheter was left indwelling 6 days postoperatively, at which point a positive contrast cystourethrogram demonstrated persistent leakage of contrast into the periurethral tissues. Due to limited finances and an uncertain prognosis, euthanasia was elected.