Post-Surgical Evaluation in Stress Urinary Incontinence by Transperineal Ultrasound and Quality of Life Questionnaire—A Retrospective Study

Urinary incontinence, the involuntary leakage of urine, significantly impacts middle-aged women. Background/Objective: In response to the failure of traditional diagnostic methods, transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) imaging was developed. The aim of our study was to identify the utility of TPUS in combination with a quality-of-life questionnaire in stress urinary incontinence evaluation and its reflection in clinical outcomes. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between 18 March 2022 and 31 December 2024 in the County Hospital Hunedoara, Romania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. It included 58 patients who underwent surgery for stress urinary incontinence and a control group consisting of 50 patients without SUI. Quality of life scores were recorded preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively, and ultrasound examination was performed. Four variables (Q-type test, the expansion of the funnel shape of the proximal urethra, Doppler assessment, and bladder neck descent) were measured, and their preoperative and postoperative values were compared in the study and control groups. Results: Significant statistical differences were observed in the variables measured through TPUS before and after surgery in the study group (p = 0.0001). These characteristics were significantly different in the study group compared with control group (p = 0.0001). All women in the study group reported a severe impact on their quality of life compared with the control women (10% reported a moderate level) (p = 0.000). Additionally, quality of life was significantly improved in the study group after surgery (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Transperineal ultrasound is a noninvasive, cost-effective, and highly reliable imaging technique used to assess SUI. Questionnaires are also useful in evaluating patients’ quality of life and satisfaction after surgery.