Comparison of coproparasitological diagnoses in cats: evaluation of techniques and their combinations

OBJECTIVES: To compare the Willis, Sheather, Faust, Ritchie and spontaneous sedimentation techniques, as well as their combinations, for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal parasites in domestic and semi-domesticated felines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Coproparasitological analyses were conducted on domestic cats of both sexes and all age groups, including kittens, adults and senior cats, between August 2024 and August 2025. Upon receipt, they were refrigerated at 4°C and processed within a maximum of 24 hours using five different coproparasitological techniques. RESULTS: One hundred and fifteen samples were positive for at least one parasite form, with diagnoses of Toxocara spp., Ancylostomatidae, Dipylidium caninum, Spirometra spp., Platynosomum fastosum, Giardia spp., Cystoisospora spp. and Entamoeba spp. The Faust technique presented a superior range of diagnosis for low-density structures, whereas the Ritchie technique was effective for high-density structures. However, neither technique achieved a rate of at least 70%. Sensitivity analysis of the combination of these techniques revealed that: the Ritchie with spontaneous sedimentation technique was suitable for diagnosing toxocariasis and platynosomiasis; the Willis with Ritchie technique was appropriate for diagnosing hookworms; the Willis with Faust technique was suitable for diagnosing giardiasis; and the Sheather with Faust technique was appropriate for diagnosing cystoisosporiasis. It was not possible to analyse the association with other parasites owing to their low prevalence. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Coproparasitological techniques remain the primary tools for diagnosing gastrointestinal parasites in routine feline practice, and the veterinarian's clinical suspicion is fundamental for performing the most appropriate technique. Considering the zoonotic potential of several parasites and frequent neglect of feline parasitosis, accurate diagnostic strategies and preventive veterinary practices are fundamental for reducing transmission in animals and humans.