Women presidents in selected endodontic organizations: An analysis over two decades: An observational study

Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the representation of women presidents in selected endodontic organizations over 20 years. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from 21 organizations across five regions (Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, North America, and the Middle East) between 2004 and 2024. Gender was determined using biographical information, photographs, and institutional data, and when unavailable, the Genderize platform with ≥85% probability. Differences between regions and over time were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, and overall female representation was assessed with a One-Proportion Z -Test ( P < 0.05). Results: Women accounted for 16.4% of presidents, significantly lower than men ( P < 0.001). Latin America had the highest representation (32.6%), while Europe (5.9%) and the Middle East (9.1%) had the lowest. Significant differences existed between organizations ( P = 0.005), but no temporal trend was observed ( P = 0.725). Conclusions: Women remain underrepresented in endodontic leadership, highlighting the ongoing need to address gender disparities. Identifying gender disparities in endodontic leadership may contribute to efforts aimed at fostering more inclusive and equitable representation within the profession.