Comment on “Evidence of sequential hermaphroditism in alfonsinos ( Beryx spp.) from the deep northeast Atlantic” by Cruz et al. (2025)

histological and anatomical criteria, sex change diagnosis The article of Cruz et al. (2025), reporting sequential hermaphroditism in two alfonsinos, Beryx splendens Lowe, 1834 and B. decadactylus Cuvier, 1829, raises serious concerns over the strength and nature of the evidence presented in support of such a diagnosis.Unsupported or premature conclusions of sequential hermaphroditism, as in this