A decision-centric review of screening criteria for carbon capture, storage, and utilization

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies are increasingly recognized essential for achieving carbon neutrality, while meeting the growing global energy demand. Due to the growing reliance on unconventional and heavy oils, the carbon intensity of upstream processes has risen, highlighting the role of CCUS in facilitating a smoother transition to a low-carbon economy. However, selecting appropriate capture methods, storage sites, and utilization options requires a systematic decision-making approach. This paper consolidates recent developments in CCUS with a focus on synergistic capture methods, operational design criteria for CO 2 transport, workflows for underground storage screening, and emerging utilization pathways. The review outlines key screening criteria for storage and utilization options, including geological suitability, techno-economic feasibility, environmental performance, and long-term stability. By structuring these criteria into decision-making workflows, this work provides a basis for comparing diverse CCUS pathways under site-specific and regional conditions. Finally, major CO₂ utilization pathways are evaluated- ranging from mature options such as enhanced oil recovery and urea production to emerging approaches including synthetic fuels, building materials, and bio-based products. The comparative analysis highlights trade-offs in readiness, scalability, and sustainability, offering insights into prioritization of near- and long-term applications. Overall, this review contributes a structured perspective on CCUS decision-making by integrating validated component-level frameworks into a unified, decision-centric workflow that links synergistic capture methods, robust screening criteria, and diversified utilization pathways. The insights aim to support policymakers, researchers, and industry in designing integrated CCUS strategies that balance technical performance with environmental and economic considerations.