Participation Patterns, Family Routines and Environmental Factors Prior to Pediatric Psychiatric Hospitalization

Children admitted to psychiatric wards often experience limited participation in daily activities vital for development. This cross-sectional study compared participation in home and community settings among hospitalized children (HC) with those with neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) and typically developing peers (TD). The study involved 141 parents using the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth and the Family Routines Inventory. Occupational therapists completed the Short Child Occupational Profile following a visit to the HC homes. Results showed significantly lower participation patterns among HC compared to ND and TD groups, with more barriers and parental desire for change than the TD group. Family routines that were consistent led to increased participation, while environmental barriers correlated with reduced involvement. Social and occupational environments limited home participation the most. These findings highlight that participation restrictions among HC are influenced by health conditions, environment, and routines. Occupational therapy can enhance participation and community reintegration.