Open-ended innovation arm-race in zero-sum games

This note discusses zero-sum games with open-ended innovation, whereby each player may introduce new strategies. The innovation process is modelled as a draw of new strategies form a distribution. It is argued that, when the cost of innovation is vanishingly small, this setting can lead to an everlasting innovation arm-race. In particular, the introduction of new technologies of the advanced player increases the marginal utility for technological innovation of the backward one, whereas innovation of the backward player disincentivizes the more advanced one to innovate.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-08-25
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22098228
Primary Topic
Game Theory and Applications
Type
preprint
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preprint

Open-ended innovation arm-race in zero-sum games

Matteo Marsili
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Game Theory and Applications
preprint

Open-ended innovation arm-race in zero-sum games

Matteo Marsili
preprint en

Abstract

This note discusses zero-sum games with open-ended innovation, whereby each player may introduce new strategies. The innovation process is modelled as a draw of new strategies form a distribution. It is argued that, when the cost of innovation is vanishingly small, this setting can lead to an everlasting innovation arm-race. In particular, the introduction of new technologies of the advanced player increases the marginal utility for technological innovation of the backward one, whereas innovation of the backward player disincentivizes the more advanced one to innovate.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) (IT)
Industry, innovation and infrastructure
Game Theory and Applications
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