Solution Ideality and Excess Thermodynamic Properties of Nonelectrolyte Solutions

Mathematical expressions are provided for the molar volume, density, molar isentropic compressibility, molar isentropic compression, isobaric molar heat capacity, molar isobaric expansivity, speed of sound, and the acoustic impedance of an ideal solution, as well as expressions for calculating the corresponding excess thermodynamic and physicochemical quantities. The calculation of excess quantities of select thermodynamic properties is discussed, and examples are provided from the published chemical and engineering literature showing common mistakes that authors have made due to calculation errors or an incorrect definition of solution ideality. Methods are provided for several of the thermodynamic quantities considered in this study that will enable researchers to check for internal consistency between calculated excess and partial molar quantities of the individual mixture components.