Adaptive Hyperparameter Adjustment and Resource Allocation for Federated Learning in the Industrial Internet of Things

Timely and accurate defect classification is critical for ensuring product quality and safety in industrial inspection scenarios. The widespread deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices equipped with sensing, computing, and communication capabilities has promoted the development of AI-enabled industrial applications. However, conventional AI approaches typically rely on centralized data collection and processing, which become impractical in real-world IoT environments due to growing privacy concerns and constrained device resources. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a communication-efficient adaptive federated learning algorithm for heterogeneous defect classification tasks. The proposed approach jointly accelerates the training process through three mechanisms: (i) adaptive local updates that balance communication and computation overheads; (ii) parameter compression that trades off communication cost against model accuracy; (iii) joint bandwidth and computation-power allocation that optimizes per-round communication and computation time across participating devices. We further analyze the joint effects of these three mechanisms and provide a convergence analysis. Extensive simulations show that the proposed method achieves competitive classification accuracy while reducing single-round training time by up to 70%.