Mitophagy and Noncoding RNA Regulation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Molecular Mechanisms, Tissue-Specific Evidence and Translational Perspective

Despite significant therapeutic advances, T2DM remains a global public health challenge that leads to multiple complications, including cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, and neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired mitophagy remain fundamental, yet incompletely understood, mechanisms driving pancreatic β-cell failure, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance and diabetic complications. Emerging evidence indicates that noncoding RNAs (including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs) are critical regulators of mitophagy and mitochondrial quality control mechanisms across metabolically active tissues. This review comprehensively examines the interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy impairment, and T2DM pathophysiology. It provides an overview of recent mechanistic insights into mitophagy–noncoding RNA interactions in T2DM, emphasizing tissue-specific effects, and highlights the translational potential of mitophagy-associated proteins and regulatory ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. By bridging fundamental molecular biology with translational and clinical perspectives, further it provides a comprehensive framework to guide future research, accelerate biomarker discovery, and support the development of personalized interventions aimed at reducing the growing worldwide burden of T2DM and its complications.

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Publication Details

Journal
Biomedicines
Published
2026-08-24
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14091886
Primary Topic
Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

Mitophagy and Noncoding RNA Regulation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Molecular Mechanisms, Tissue-Specific Evidence and Translational Perspective

Atul Pandey, Véronique Seidel, Baskar Chakrapani, Shivmurat Yadav et al.
Biomedicines
Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
article

Mitophagy and Noncoding RNA Regulation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Molecular Mechanisms, Tissue-Specific Evidence and Translational Perspective

Atul Pandey, Véronique Seidel, Baskar Chakrapani, Shivmurat Yadav, Pallab Shaw, Prawej Ansari, Anoop Misra, Dinesh K. Patel, RADHIKA SUNIL KHERDEKAR, Shashi Ranjan Mani Yadav, Ashish Kothari, Harsh Kumar, Ankur Kumar, Sandeep Kumar, Reena Kumari, Shrinkhal, Mundakkassery Pullurmanna Narayanan
article en

Abstract

Despite significant therapeutic advances, T2DM remains a global public health challenge that leads to multiple complications, including cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, and neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired mitophagy remain fundamental, yet incompletely understood, mechanisms driving pancreatic β-cell failure, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance and diabetic complications. Emerging evidence indicates that noncoding RNAs (including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs) are critical regulators of mitophagy and mitochondrial quality control mechanisms across metabolically active tissues. This review comprehensively examines the interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy impairment, and T2DM pathophysiology. It provides an overview of recent mechanistic insights into mitophagy–noncoding RNA interactions in T2DM, emphasizing tissue-specific effects, and highlights the translational potential of mitophagy-associated proteins and regulatory ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. By bridging fundamental molecular biology with translational and clinical perspectives, further it provides a comprehensive framework to guide future research, accelerate biomarker discovery, and support the development of personalized interventions aimed at reducing the growing worldwide burden of T2DM and its complications.

BiomedicinesVol. 14(9)
Tulane University (US), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (US), University of Ulster (GB), Gandhi Medical College & Hospital (IN), University of Strathclyde (GB), Princeton University (US), University of Alabama at Birmingham (US), Naval Aerospace Medical Institute (US), Fortis Hospital (IN), All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh (IN), University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (US), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (IN), Carnegie Mellon University (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 9%
Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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