Impact of design quality metrics and core design process elements on the sustainable performance of construction projects: a structural equation modeling approach

The Design Quality Matrix (DQM) plays a vital role in achieving sustainable construction project outcomes, yet its influence on project performance is not fully understood. This study investigates the relationship between DQM and Sustainable Project Performance (SPP), focusing on the mediating roles of Core Design Process Elements (CDPE), Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC), and Stakeholder Collaboration (COL). A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach was employed using questionnaire data collected from construction professionals involved in building projects in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. Although the overall model fit was below conventional thresholds (χ2/df = 3.82, CFI = 0.824, TLI = 0.808, RMSEA = 0.097), the structural relationships provided valuable insights. DQM showed significant positive relationships with CDPE, QA/QC, and COL. These mediating constructs, in turn, significantly influenced the three dimensions of sustainable project performance, with varying magnitudes and directions. The findings demonstrate that DQM contributes to improved sustainable project performance primarily through strengthening design processes, quality management practices, and stakeholder collaboration. The study highlights the importance of integrating these elements to enhance the sustainability of construction projects.