Impact of a whole-process medical management model on treatment adherence, quality of life, and healthcare experience in tuberculosis patients

Tuberculosis(TB) remains a major global public health burden requiring prolonged standardized treatment. Conventional fragmented medical management fails to provide continuous health guidance and psychological support, leading to poor treatment adherence, declined quality of life, and unsatisfactory healthcare experience among TB patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a whole-process medical management model on clinical outcomes in TB patients. A total of 80 hospitalized TB patients were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. Seventy-nine patients completed 6-month follow-up, including 39 cases in the control group receiving routine diagnosis and nursing,and 40 cases in the intervention group receiving standardized whole-process medical management. Baseline data, treatment adherence, quality of life, and healthcare experience were compared before and after intervention.Objective clinical outcomes including sputum culture conversion, treatment completion, clinical cure, adverse drug reactions, body weight change and readmission were also compared between the two groups. After intervention, the intervention group showed significantly higher full adherence (P<0.01) and medication adherence (P<0.05). Patients in the intervention group also obtained markedly improved physical, psychological, and social quality-of-life domains (all P≤0.001) and superior overall healthcare experience (P<0.001), while the environmental domain did not differ significantly between groups.Additionally, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher rates of sputum culture conversion (87.5% vs. 59.0%, P=0.009), treatment completion (95.0% vs. 66.7%, P=0.003), and clinical cure (77.5% vs. 38.5%, P=0.001), along with greater weight gain (adjusted difference 2.90 kg, P<0.001) and fewer adverse drug reactions (12.5% vs. 33.3%, P=0.053; FDR-adjusted P=0.066, not statistically significant after multiple-comparison correction). ITT sensitivity analyses (n=80) confirmed consistent results across 17 of 18 outcomes. The whole-process medical management model effectively improves treatment adherence, core domains of quality of life (physical, psychological, and social domains), and overall healthcare experience among TB patients, with targeted rather than comprehensive intervention effects. The model also significantly improves bacteriological conversion, treatment completion, and nutritional recovery among tuberculosis patients, with a trend toward improved treatment safety. Medical Research Registration Information System MR-15-26-039182, registered on 03 June 2026 after completion of enrollment and follow-up (retrospective registration).