Synthesis of CBIMMT-modified SBA-15 as a novel nano-sorbent to preconcentrate, extraction and determination of trace amounts of Cd (II) ions in wastewater and natural water samples

This study presents a novel nano-sorbent to separate, preconcentrate, and measure trace amounts of cadmium (II) ions in wastewater and natural water samples. The 4-(4-chlorobenzylideneimino)-3-methyl-5-mercapto-1, 2, 4-triazole (CBIMMT) ligand was immobilized on Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15) nanoparticles to prepared the nano-sorbent. The SBA-15 nanoparticles and nano-sorbent were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, BET analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, CHNS elemental analysis, and transmission electron microscopy to investigate their structural. For the quantitative determination of Cd (II) ions, effective parameters such as extraction time, pH, nano-sorbent dosage, eluent volume, and eluent concentration were investigated and optimized. The figures of merit of the proposed method were evaluated in terms of precision, limit of detection, accuracy, maximum adsorption capacity, enrichment factor, and enhancement factor, all of which showed satisfactory results. It was found that the maximum adsorption capacity of the nano-sorbent was 411 mg g − 1 . The detection limit was determined to be 3.7 ng mL − 1 , and the calibration graph’s linear range was between 15 and 600 ng mL − 1 . The method’s relative standard deviation was 1.6%.