Clinical outcomes of denervation in patients with finger interphalangeal joint arthritis: a retrospective study

Purpose: This study evaluated the clinical outcomes of denervation as an alternative to arthrodesis or arthroplasty in patients with finger interphalangeal joint arthritis refractory to conservative treatment.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of 30 joints in 28 patients with distal interphalangeal (DIP) or proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthritis who underwent denervation and had a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Pain was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), and functional outcomes were evaluated using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) score and grip strength ratio (affected/unaffected side). Changes in analgesic medication use were also analyzed.Results: The mean VAS score improved significantly from 5.03 preoperatively to 1.57 at final follow-up (p<0.001). Pain reduction was greater in the DIP group. The mean QuickDASH score improved from 42.0 to 25.0 (p<0.001), with greater functional improvement in the PIP group. The grip strength ratio increased from 0.70 to 0.77 (p<0.001). All patients required daily analgesics preoperatively, whereas only 16.7% required occasional analgesic use postoperatively (p<0.001). No major complications were observed; transient sensory disturbance occurred in three cases and resolved spontaneously.Conclusion: Denervation may provide effective pain relief and functional improvement while preserving joint structure. It may also reduce dependence on analgesics, making it a viable option for selected patients who wish to avoid arthrodesis or arthroplasty.