The Role of Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition in Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiometabolic Diseases

Background: Metabolic syndrome is closely linked to chronic systemic inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis. Anti-inflammatory nutrition is an approach based on the interaction between dietary intake, chronic low-grade inflammation, and the pathophysiological mechanisms of metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic diseases. This narrative review evaluates the impact of plant-based dietary models, including vegan and modified Mediterranean variants, on key metabolic and inflammatory parameters. Methods: Literature data published in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar between 2017 and 2026 were used to evaluate the relation between diet, inflammation, and cardiometabolic diseases. We focused on multiple biomarkers, including inflammatory, metabolic, and oxidative-stress indicators measured by standardized laboratory methods to estimate the overall relationship between diet and chronic inflammation. Results: Dietary indices such as eADI-17 allow quantification of the inflammatory potential of anti-inflammatory nutrition and correlate with biomarkers such as hsCRP, IL-6, and soluble TNF receptors. Conclusions: Integrated nutritional strategies that combine plant-based models, temporal control of meals, and microbiota-directed interventions provide efficient support by improving endothelial dysfunction, the thrombotic profile, and chronic inflammation.