Edge-First LoRa Water Quality Monitoring for Smart Aquaculture

Edge-First LoRa Water Quality Monitoring for Smart Aquaculture 1Shivans Sankalp, 2Samridhi Sinha, 3Jagannath Samanta, 4Ritwik Haldar ¹UG Student, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, Purba Medinipur – 721657, West Bengal, India ²UG Student,Department of Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, Purba Medinipur – 721657, West Bengal, India 3,4Associate Professor, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, Purba Medinipur – 721657, West Bengal, India ABSTRACT Aquaculture now supplies more than half of the aquatic-animal protein consumed worldwide, yet many small-scale farms still rely on manual water-quality measurements taken once or twice a day. These gaps can delay intervention until stock is already stressed. This paper presents a low-cost point-to-point LoRa telemetry system that continuously monitors water temperature and pH, evaluates readings on the receiving node using a deterministic and explainable assessment engine, and displays the results through a node-hosted dashboard. The dashboard provides live telemetry, trends, statistics, grading rationale and data export, operating entirely offline through the receiver’s Wi-Fi access point without cloud or internet connectivity. A prototype using ESP32 and SX1278 modules was evaluated over 9 h 30 min, receiving 17,043 packets with 99.99% delivery at a mean RSSI of −52 dBm. Complete firmware for sensing, inference, logging and the web server occupies 68 kB of flash memory.