Correlation-Generated Factorability in a Generic Sector of Folded Quadratic Kloosterman Sums

We isolate a factorability mechanism that appears after a $TT^*$ expansion of a folded quadratic-root Kloosterman sum. Starting from a two-variable sum with modular inverse phase and a smooth radial phase, the off-diagonal correlation for two short variables $r_1,r_2$ has a common difference $d=r_2-r_1$. An exact inverse-difference identity and additive reciprocity transform the finite phase to an inverse trace function with modulus $M=q r_1r_2$, while the entire radial oscillation may be absorbed into the deformation factor of the arithmetic exponent-pair framework of Wu and Xi. Thus factorability is generated by correlation variables rather than assumed of the original sieve modulus $q$. In the squarefree pairwise-coprime generic sector, under the corresponding Wu--Xi admissibility hypotheses, the one-step arithmetic $A$-process yields a pairwise $q^{-1/6}$ saving and, after $TT^*$, a normalized $R^{-1/2}+q^{-1/12}$ bound. Under the two-step admissibility hypotheses, the balanced endpoint gives a $C^{-3/56+o(1)}$ saving. We state the remaining non-generic gcd/squarefull bookkeeping separately. The result is a reduction theorem for the generic sector, not a complete Brun--Titchmarsh theorem.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-08-21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22045573
Primary Topic
Analytic Number Theory Research
Type
preprint
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preprint

Correlation-Generated Factorability in a Generic Sector of Folded Quadratic Kloosterman Sums

Tao Lin
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
preprint

Correlation-Generated Factorability in a Generic Sector of Folded Quadratic Kloosterman Sums

Tao Lin
preprint en

Abstract

We isolate a factorability mechanism that appears after a $TT^*$ expansion of a folded quadratic-root Kloosterman sum. Starting from a two-variable sum with modular inverse phase and a smooth radial phase, the off-diagonal correlation for two short variables $r_1,r_2$ has a common difference $d=r_2-r_1$. An exact inverse-difference identity and additive reciprocity transform the finite phase to an inverse trace function with modulus $M=q r_1r_2$, while the entire radial oscillation may be absorbed into the deformation factor of the arithmetic exponent-pair framework of Wu and Xi. Thus factorability is generated by correlation variables rather than assumed of the original sieve modulus $q$. In the squarefree pairwise-coprime generic sector, under the corresponding Wu--Xi admissibility hypotheses, the one-step arithmetic $A$-process yields a pairwise $q^{-1/6}$ saving and, after $TT^*$, a normalized $R^{-1/2}+q^{-1/12}$ bound. Under the two-step admissibility hypotheses, the balanced endpoint gives a $C^{-3/56+o(1)}$ saving. We state the remaining non-generic gcd/squarefull bookkeeping separately. The result is a reduction theorem for the generic sector, not a complete Brun--Titchmarsh theorem.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
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