The effect of a series of lower limb pressotherapy treatments on selected skin characteristics in young women with gynoid lipodystrophy: a preliminary report

Gynoid lipodystrophy, commonly known as cellulite, is a widespread esthetic concern affecting primarily women. The causes of this condition are complex and include anatomical and hormonal factors, microcirculatory disorders, and chronic inflammatory changes in subcutaneous tissue. One of the popular methods used to support cellulite reduction is pressotherapy–a non-invasive compression treatment that improves venous and lymphatic circulation, reduces swelling, and supports skin regeneration. The aim of this study was to examine and compare the effects of a series of pressotherapy treatments on selected skin characteristics in young women with gynoid lipodystrophy, such as skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), friction, melanin and erythema levels, as well as skin mechanical parameters. Additionally, this study aimed to determine whether pressotherapy affects limb circumference, range of motion in the lower limbs, and body composition. Study material and methods: This study included 12 young women diagnosed with grade 2 cellulite. All participants underwent a series of 10 pressotherapy sessions conducted over a two-week period. Measurements of selected skin parameters, lower limb circumference, and range of motion, as well as body compositions, were performed both before and after the therapy. Furthermore, the degree of gynoid lipodystrophy was assessed before and after the treatment series. This study revealed a significant decrease in skin hydration and various elasticity parameters (R0, R1, R3, R4), as well as an increase in melanin levels and erythema. Improved hip range of motion and a significant reduction in lower limb circumference were observed. Additionally, significant decreases in fat-free mass (FFM) were observed. A series of pressotherapy treatments positively affects lower limb circumference, hip joint range of motion, and fat-free mass (FFM). A decrease in skin hydration and elasticity, as well as an increase in melanin and erythema levels, was observed–suggesting the need for concurrent moisturizing skincare. We consider this study preliminary and should be continued in larger and more diverse groups.