Carbon capturing via adsorption using functionalized Organic Frameworks (MOFs/COFs)

Consecutive increases in CO2 concentrations have triggered global warming and climate change. To prevent the detrimental impacts of climate change, CO2 capturing technologies must be implemented to meet the net-zero CO2 emissions target sooner. In this context, advanced materials such as metallic organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and deep eutectic solvents (DES) have emerged as pivotal materials for enhancing the efficiency, sustainability, and economic viability of CO2 capture technologies. MOFs and COFs are highly porous materials with strong chemical bonds that adsorb gases from the air. DES is formed by mixing a halide salt acting as a hydrogen bond acceptor HBA) and a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) component, including amines, amides, and alcohols, which have tunable properties. These materials demonstrate significant promise for applications due to their diversified advantages, including cost-effectiveness, low volatility, high thermal and chemical stability, and incombustibility. This review provides a critical overview of recent progress in MOFs/COFs and DESs-based CO2 capturing systems with an emphasis on capturing mechanisms, structure-property relationships, and performance trends. Potential capturing pathways are discussed to pave the way for the rational design of next-generation materials. Emerging trends and future research directions are also proposed to foster continued innovation in this critical domain.