CFD Analysis of Heat Transfer Enhancement Due to Vectored Annular Jet Impingement

The present study focused on the fluid flow behavior and heat transfer performance of 30° and 45° vectored annular jets impinging on a heated, stationary surface. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is conducted using a highly refined computational mesh in the conjunction with transition shear stress transport turbulence model for Reynolds number range of 100 to 1000. After rigorously validating the CFD model against established benchmark data, the study systematically investigated the effects of Reynolds number variation on the spatial distributions of the Nusselt number, skin friction coefficient, and evolution of the flow field with 30° and 45° vectored annular jets. At low Reynolds number of 100 the obtained value of average Nusselt number is 1.30 which indicates that the heat transfer rate is weak due to relatively thick and stable boundary layer. As Reynolds number increases to 1000, the average Nusselt number increases to 4.36 indicating a significant increase in rate of heat transfer which is primarily due to the enhanced flow mixing and boundary-layer disruption. The local Nusselt number profiles display a pronounced peak near the stagnation point, where jet impingement maximizes convective heat transfer, followed by a gradual decrease downstream. These results offer insights into optimizing heat transfer and flow efficiency in the applications utilizing annular jet impingement on heated surfaces.