Redirecting wet–interfacial redox pathways for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells

Carbazole-based phosphonic acid self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are essential for high-efficiency p-i-n perovskite solar cells. However, during processing, these SAMs inevitably contact perovskite inks, where their acidity triggers a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-mediated iodide redox reaction that imprints device performance, representing a universal bottleneck for inverted devices. We resolve this SAM-triggered redox mechanism and introduce chemistry-matched hydrazide additives to mitigate the degradation. These additives abrogate DMSO activation and redirect unwanted by-products toward benign hydrazide–formamidinium adducts. Consequently, we achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 27.7% (certified 27.4%) in small-area (0.06 cm 2 ) cells and 20.1% in 2.0 m 2 modules, along with T95 lifetimes of ~2000 hours of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) at 85°C and ~1500 hours MPPT at 85°C and 85% relative humidity.

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Publication Details

Journal
Science
Published
2026-08-20
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aeg8415
Primary Topic
Perovskite Materials and Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Redirecting wet–interfacial redox pathways for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells

Chen Zhu, Peide Zhu, Nam‐Gyu Park, Yuelong Li et al.
Science
Perovskite Materials and Applications
article

Redirecting wet–interfacial redox pathways for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells

Chen Zhu, Peide Zhu, Nam‐Gyu Park, Yuelong Li, Bao Tu, Cheng Liu, Chuying Ouyang, Shengbin Cheng, Minghui Fan, Yi Yang, Linchuan Ma, Congqi Li, Xinyuan Zhang, Yong Zhang, Yuheng Li, Zheng Liang, Boyuan Liu, Huifen Xu, Xianfu Zhang, Yuqi Bao, Chen Zhu, Xinyuan Zhang
article en

Abstract

Carbazole-based phosphonic acid self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are essential for high-efficiency p-i-n perovskite solar cells. However, during processing, these SAMs inevitably contact perovskite inks, where their acidity triggers a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-mediated iodide redox reaction that imprints device performance, representing a universal bottleneck for inverted devices. We resolve this SAM-triggered redox mechanism and introduce chemistry-matched hydrazide additives to mitigate the degradation. These additives abrogate DMSO activation and redirect unwanted by-products toward benign hydrazide–formamidinium adducts. Consequently, we achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 27.7% (certified 27.4%) in small-area (0.06 cm 2 ) cells and 20.1% in 2.0 m 2 modules, along with T95 lifetimes of ~2000 hours of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) at 85°C and ~1500 hours MPPT at 85°C and 85% relative humidity.

ScienceVol. 393(6813)
University of Science and Technology of China (CN), Shenzhen University (CN), Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Nankai University (CN), Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (CN), Southern University of Science and Technology (CN), City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute (CN), Academy of Opto-Electronics (CN), Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory (CN), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Sungkyunkwan University (KR), University of Hong Kong (HK), South China University of Technology (CN)
National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 18%
Perovskite Materials and Applications
DOISourceOpenAlex
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