Stability analysis of landslide dam slopes based on the local strength reduction–random finite element method

Landslide dams represent a critical geological hazard where rapid and accurate stability assessment is vital for emergency management. Following its formation, localized slope instability frequently triggers accelerated dam failure. Using the Tangjiashan landslide dam as a case study, this study utilizes a random finite element method within a Monte Carlo framework to establish a global random field model. The research quantitatively evaluates how shear strength parameter variability in distinct sub-zones affects the safety factor and failure probability, employing the shear strength reduction technique. Furthermore, a local random field model based on the local strength reduction method was developed. Validation against the global model confirms its feasibility and computational efficiency. These findings offer a scientific basis and technical support for landslide dam stability analysis.