Green Cybersecurity framework for sustainable and energy efficient digital defense in Industry 5 and beyond

The tremendous growth in global data communication and the shift toward Industry 5.0 and 6.0 concepts have placed cybersecurity as one of the most important pillars of modern infrastructures, while the computationally complex nature of traditional security paradigms has resulted in a tremendous environmental footprint, a problem deemed unsustainable in nature. This research aims to present a complete framework for Green Cybersecurity, ensuring a harmonious blend of digital security and environmental sustainability through the use of the Eco-Aware Defense Architecture (EADA), with a focus on implementing a new paradigm based on the One-Class Support Vector Bidirectional Snow Geese Algorithm (OSV-BiSGA), ensuring optimized security circuits for carbon-neutral industrial applications through the removal of redundant hardware calculations. This new paradigm has been implemented through a Tiered Energy Defense (TED) mechanism, ensuring a Green Hybrid Intrusion Detection System (GH-IDS) with anomaly sentry-based detection and a dormant deep learning-based detection mechanism for high-probability threats, along with a Grid-Interactive Security Scheduler (GISS) ensuring dynamic security levels based on actual grid-based carbon footprint data, shifting security levels and audits to times when renewable energy levels are higher. This framework has been simulated and validated through Deter Lab, using NSL-KDD and Simatic Scan datasets, ensuring a 37.6% reduction in overall energy consumption, 45% improvement in overall resource efficiency, and a 95.3% accuracy level, while ensuring a complete Security-by-Sustainability framework within the overall framework, providing a standardized Sustainable Security Score (S^3) and a definitive roadmap toward ensuring a complete alignment of global cybersecurity paradigms with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).