Biomimetic Tactile Sensation: A Green Closed Loop from Perception to Response

The translucent cybernetic human silhouette intuitively reproduces the physiological logic of the human reflex arc. Neural pathways extending from the brain to the arm and palm vividly illustrate the complete biological pathway of tactile signal transmission and motion feedback. Three core devices integrated above the palm constitute the full artificial reflex system developed in this work. The micro-pyramidal piezoresistive pressure sensor adopts a gelatin matrix embedded with multi-walled carbon nanotubes to capture external mechanical stimuli. The low-power gelatin-starch composite synaptic device realizes the accumulation and temporal integration of neural-like signals. When the detected pressure exceeds the threshold, the actuator constructed from cellulose/chitosan-based biocomposite films deflects to form a complete sensing-response closed loop. Mainly constructed from natural biomaterials, this system mimics hierarchical tactile perception, providing a sustainable and synergistic design strategy for eco-friendly bionic prostheses and adaptive soft robots.