Formulation and evaluation of a finger millet-based instant weaning mix enriched with potential prebiotic-rich indigenous ingredients

Malnutrition in infants and young children remains a major concern in sub-Saharan Africa, often linked to poor complementary feeding practices. This study formulated and evaluated an instant weaning mix using finger millet ( Eleusine coracana ) enriched with prebiotic-rich indigenous ingredients: baobab pulp, tiger nut flour, orange-fleshed sweet potato, and unripe banana flour. A D-optimal mixture design was applied to generate optimal blends. Proximate composition, mineral and vitamin content, phytochemicals, amino acid profile, in vitro protein digestibility, glycemic index and load, and sensory attributes were analyzed. The enriched blends significantly outperformed the control (100% finger millet) in protein, fibre, essential micronutrients, and antioxidant content. Sample Run 8 showed lower glycemic response and high acceptability. Incorporating underutilized, nutrient-rich local ingredients improved nutritional quality and functional potential. The study supports food-based strategies using local resources to develop affordable, culturally acceptable weaning foods to combat early childhood malnutrition.