A new old species of Tetracera (Dilleniaceae) from Espinhaço Range, Brazil

Tetracera is the only genus within Dilleniaceae with a pantropical distribution. During efforts for a taxonomic revision of the neotropical species, we identified incongruences between application of names and their taxonomic identities, based on protologue and type specimen analysis. Here we describe a new species for the genus bearing a single carpel and briefly discuss the group of species that develops a single carpel. Tetracera lanosa M.Araújo & Fraga is a striking new species distributed in semideciduous forests from 500 to 1000 m elevation in Bahia and Minas Gerais states. It can be easily distinguished by the leaves with abaxial surface with sessile stellate trichomes, entangled and soft and carpel entirely covered by indumentum, which separates it from all other species bearing a single carpel. A comparison with putative allies as well as an identification key, photographic plates, geographic distribution, and preliminary conservation status are given.