A methodological framework for use-phase partial carbon footprint of outdoor jackets in China: Linking product durability, washing behavior, and emissions

Existing static carbon footprint assessment methods face limitations in quantifying the interaction between product quality variation and user behavior. To address this gap, this study aims to develop a durability-based dynamic partial carbon footprint assessment framework specifically for outdoor jackets. This framework quantifies how product durability influences carbon emissions during the use phase of outdoor jackets. It integrates physical performance testing, a composite durability score, dynamic lifespan prediction, and a behavior-responsive washing frequency module. This integration establishes a dynamic pathway that couples performance, behavior, and emissions. The dynamic framework effectively captures how durability reduces the carbon footprint during the use phase. This reduction occurs through two synergistic pathways: extending product lifespan and reducing the frequency of washing. This paper presents a methodological framework rather than an empirical validation study. Simulation results further reveal a nonlinear relationship between durability and carbon emissions, along with the presence of a potential performance threshold, providing theoretical insights for durability-oriented design. The numerical results presented in this study are illustrative and derived from assumed parameters. Empirical validation is required before these results can be generalized. The core contribution of this study lies in its methodological advancement, offering a parameterizable and scalable dynamic analytical tool for assessing the environmental performance of apparel products. It also supplies a scientific foundation to inform eco-design strategies in the industry and support the formulation of sustainable consumption policies.