A fuzzy optimization approach to enhancing split tensile strength and reducing material costs in laterite-infused concrete

Sustainable mix designs are required as the demand for concrete rises, contributing to the loss of resources. Most studies focus on strength without considering the costs of the concrete mix. Admixtures are typically added to concrete to improve mechanical properties and durability while reducing material consumption. This study focuses on laterite aggregates and sisal fibers as variable admixtures. The model used for the determination of split tensile strength is the response surface model of Patil et al. [1]. Fuzzy optimization was used alongside this model to evaluate split tensile strength and material cost simultaneously. This study found that 212.62 kg/m 3 of laterite aggregates and 1.27 kg/m 3 of sisal fibers as variable admixtures yielded an optimum split tensile strength of 4.51 MPa and a material cost of 49.48 USD/m 3 . Compared to previous literature, the result showed a 0.89% decrease in split tensile strength and material cost reduction of 18.39%. This addresses the gap in cost-based optimization from existing literature. The consideration of split tensile strength accompanied by a cost-based analysis is the novelty of this study. Providing a more realistic assessment of the mechanical properties of concrete by making it both strong and economically viable.