Determination of the Electric Charge of the Etherons constituting the Photon

The present work analytically determines the electric charge modulus of the individual etherons constituting the structure of the photon according to the MODEC (Double-Helical Model of the Photon) [1] and the Subtle Particle Model (SPM) [2]. Starting from this fundamental quantity, it is possible to derive multiple experimental parameters and outline a causal and deterministic description of the microcosm. The ability to reduce such evidence to an essential mechanical dynamics strengthens the plausibility of the composite photon hypothesis with respect to the conventional paradigm of the Standard Model [4].

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-08-18
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21998349
Primary Topic
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
Type
article
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article

Determination of the Electric Charge of the Etherons constituting the Photon

Alberto Donini
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
article

Determination of the Electric Charge of the Etherons constituting the Photon

Alberto Donini
article en

Abstract

The present work analytically determines the electric charge modulus of the individual etherons constituting the structure of the photon according to the MODEC (Double-Helical Model of the Photon) [1] and the Subtle Particle Model (SPM) [2]. Starting from this fundamental quantity, it is possible to derive multiple experimental parameters and outline a causal and deterministic description of the microcosm. The ability to reduce such evidence to an essential mechanical dynamics strengthens the plausibility of the composite photon hypothesis with respect to the conventional paradigm of the Standard Model [4].

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Openalex Percentile: Top 11%
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
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