PERSONALIZED MEDICINE: FUTURE DRUG THERAPY A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Personalized medicine is changing healthcare. It moves away from the traditional “one-size-fits-all” approach. Instead, it focuses on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment based on each patient’s genetic profile, biomarkers, lifestyle, and environmental factors. This review outlines the basic ideas and scientific foundations of personalized medicine. It covers biomarkers, pharmacogenetics, and pharmacogenomics, which help make better treatment decisions. The review also looks at how tests and validations are done. This includes personalized drug screening, biomarker validation, N-of-1 clinical trials, and adaptive clinical trials. Moreover, it examines current clinical uses, especially in cancer treatment. It explains how personalized medicine works in today’s healthcare system. The changing role of pharmacists in applying precision therapies is also noted. Additionally, the article discusses the key benefits, challenges, and limitations of personalized medicine. This includes ethical, economic, and technological issues. Finally, it looks at future developments, This vision aims to integrate personalized medicine into everyday healthcare and improve patient outcomes around the world. Personalized medicine can improve treatment effectiveness, reduce harmful drug reactions, and influence the future of drug therapy with more tailored healthcare strategies.