Survey of the frequency of polypharmacy in multiple sclerosis patients: a study from the nationwide MS registry of Iran (NMSRI)-Guilan

OBJUECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of polypharmacy among patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) registered in the MS registry system of Gilan Province, Iran, and to analyze the relationships between polypharmacy and various demographic, clinical, and disease-related factors. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted on 1,282 MS patients registered in Gilan's MS registry system. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire that included questions on age, gender, marital status, education, occupation, smoking habits, comorbidities, family history of MS, and medication use. RESULTS: The study found that 92.4% of patients used MS-related medications, and 65.5% used at least one non-MS medication. Polypharmacy was significantly associated with age, occupation, history of preexisting illnesses, comorbidities, number of coexisting diseases, and symptoms such as balance and urinary control disorders. Younger patients and those with multiple comorbidities were more likely to engage in polypharmacy. CONCLUSIONS: The results emphasize the high prevalence of polypharmacy in MS patients, underscoring the need for personalized treatment strategies. Educating patients about managing the risks of drug interactions and improving treatment adherence is crucial. The findings can inform healthcare policies to optimize the management of MS in similar regions.