Code Enforcement in Crime Hot Spots and Calls for Service: A Randomized Controlled Trial

A significant amount of empirical evidence suggests that hot spots policing is effective at reducing crime and disorder. However, potential consequences associated with this approach, such as aggressive enforcement, can lead to disparities and damaged police-community relations. Using a randomized controlled trial, this study examines the impact of elevated code enforcement activity in crime hot spots and evaluates whether code enforcement can achieve similar results to police-led hot spots initiatives. Results indicate larger reductions in calls for service in treatment hot spots compared to those in the control group. Moreover, statistically significant reductions in calls for service associated with residential burglaries and auto thefts were apparent among treatment hot spots. These findings suggest that targeted code enforcement efforts may promote public safety beyond ensuring compliance with municipal regulations.