Job Satisfaction and Retention of Family Medicine Physicians in Primary Healthcare Centers in the Al-Qassim Region of Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Study

Background/Objectives: Job satisfaction is important for high-quality healthcare delivery. This study aimed to explore family medicine physicians’ (FMPs’) opinions and beliefs regarding job satisfaction, factors influencing their satisfaction, and intentions to transition to other institutions. Methods: This qualitative descriptive study was conducted in the Al-Qassim region in 2024, using thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke) to analyze data. Eleven FMPs working within the health cluster of the Ministry of Health (MOH) were recruited using purposive sampling supplemented by the snowball technique. FMPs who were specialists and consultants were included. In-depth interviews were conducted, the interview content was transcribed, and thematic analysis was performed. Results: Four major themes were identified. The first theme was role ambiguity and workload burden; the second, resource gaps and operational limitations; the third, organizational barriers and professional stability; and the fourth, workplace dissatisfaction and intent to leave. Most of the FMPs reported being nearly satisfied with their job, and all agreed that dissatisfaction may lead physicians to consider leaving their institution. Job security within the MOH had a positive impact on job satisfaction, while concerns about changes associated with the health transformation process were noted. Conclusions: Physicians expressed varying degrees of satisfaction despite different challenges and limitations. Some physicians were open to changing their workplace, whereas one physician had already applied to other institutions. It is recommended to reassure physicians regarding job security during the health transformation process, clearly define job roles and responsibilities, and ensure the availability of necessary resources to improve physician satisfaction, provide better alignment with career expectations and maintain workforce stability in the MOH-affiliated PHC centers of the Al-Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.