Effects of vortex spinning parameters on the wear performance of three-component blended yarn knitted fabrics

The relationship between vortex spinning parameters and the wear performance of multi-component blended knitted fabrics remains underexplored. In this study, Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology (BBD-RSM) was employed to investigate the effects of yarn delivery speed, nozzle pressure, and yarn count on the wear performance of polyester/dyed cotton/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)-based polyester blended yarn knitted fabrics. The results indicate that yarn count significantly influences fabric performance. With increasing yarn count, fabric thickness and bursting strength decrease, while air permeability, abrasion resistance, and drapeability improve. Yarn delivery speed and nozzle pressure exhibit nonlinear effects. Fabric thickness and abrasion mass loss exhibit a decreasing-increasing trend with increasing yarn delivery speed or nozzle pressure, whereas air permeability slightly decreases. Drapeability initially improves and then deteriorates with increasing yarn delivery speed, reaching an optimum at 370 m/min. The effect of nozzle pressure on drapeability depends on yarn count, showing opposite trends at higher and lower yarn counts.