Human trafficking: How to fight a wicked problem with upstream disruptive policing strategies

This paper addresses the topic of human trafficking as a wicked problem and examines the options of applying upstream disruption as a new and victim-centred approach, as well as an effective way to fight exploitation. The root causes and societal factors are discussed, and it argues for the need to focus on upstream disruption strategies. Rather than merely addressing the immediate consequences of human trafficking, the paper examines the differences between types of exploitation and advocates for preventative measures that target the systemic structures, social norms, and inequalities that foster each type of exploitation. Through an analysis of existing frameworks and policies, this paper proposes and provides examples of multi-level interventions that engage community, legal, and educational systems to create sustainable solutions. The argument builds on the need to go beyond reactive interventions and emphasises long-term solutions that address the factors contributing to exploitation at both local and global levels.