Two-photon polymerization — sub-100 nm photopolymer 3D printing

This white paper covers two-photon polymerization for sub-100 nm photopolymer 3D printing using specialised resins and Fine Tuner systems for VIS-NIR and 1035 nm femtosecond laser platforms. 2PP requires a different formulation logic from standard VPP: two-photon absorption efficiency, laser wavelength, voxel size, writing speed and nanoscale shrinkage dominate the process window.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-08-21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21973718
Primary Topic
Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies
Type
article
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article

Two-photon polymerization — sub-100 nm photopolymer 3D printing

Juan Segurola
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies
article

Two-photon polymerization — sub-100 nm photopolymer 3D printing

Juan Segurola
article en

Abstract

This white paper covers two-photon polymerization for sub-100 nm photopolymer 3D printing using specialised resins and Fine Tuner systems for VIS-NIR and 1035 nm femtosecond laser platforms. 2PP requires a different formulation logic from standard VPP: two-photon absorption efficiency, laser wavelength, voxel size, writing speed and nanoscale shrinkage dominate the process window.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Dynavax Technologies (Germany) (DE)
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 20%
Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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Two-photon polymerization — sub-100 nm photopolymer 3D printing — Juan Segurola · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS