Beyond Access: LLM Literacy, Digital Inclusion, and Lifelong English Learning in Public Libraries

This conceptual paper examines Large Language Model (LLM) literacy as a dimension of digital inclusion in lifelong English learning among older adults and theorizes the role of public libraries in its development. Conventional digital literacy frameworks are insufficient for effective interaction with LLM-based language learning systems. Drawing on interdisciplinary literature, an integrated framework positions LLM literacy as a gateway competency comprising four domains: prompt engineering, critical LLM evaluation, metacognitive learning awareness, and adaptive technical fluency. The paper outlines their pedagogical foundations and developmental progression and identifies priorities for future empirical validation among older adult learners.