Analysis of Craniofacial Injuries Resulting From Motorcycle Accidents: The Mersin Experience

BACKGROUND: Motorcycle-related trauma remains a major public health concern worldwide, particularly in developing countries where motorcycles are widely used for transportation and commercial activities. Craniofacial injuries are among the most serious consequences of motorcycle accidents and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the demographic characteristics, helmet use, intensive care requirements, mortality rates, and craniofacial injury patterns among motorcycle accident patients presenting to a tertiary emergency center in Mersin, Türkiye. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted using hospital records of patients admitted following motorcycle accidents between January 2024 and January 2025. Demographic characteristics, helmet use, purpose of motorcycle use, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mortality, and presence of head trauma were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 1379 patients were included in the study. The majority of patients were male (77.4%), with a mean age of 34.4 ± 19.4 years. Helmet use was documented in 69.7% of cases, whereas 30.3% of patients were not wearing helmets at the time of the accident. Head trauma was identified in 42.3% of patients. ICU admission was required in 31.9% of cases, and the mortality rate was 1.1%. Most motorcycle use was for daily transportation. Male sex, lack of helmet use, and the presence of head trauma were associated with increased clinical severity. CONCLUSIONS: Motorcycle accidents remain a major cause of craniofacial trauma in Türkiye. Helmet use appears to play a critical protective role against severe craniofacial injury and mortality. Public awareness campaigns, stricter helmet regulations, and preventive strategies may help reduce morbidity and mortality associated with motorcycle-related trauma.