Virtual steps, real impacts: evaluating micro-scale streetscape design on walkability using immersive virtual reality in Tehran, Iran

In recent years, rising premature mortality has been linked to sedentary lifestyles. Walking, a simple yet effective form of exercise, can reduce many health risks, but poor infrastructure often discourages it, especially in urban areas. This study focused on identifying features that improve walkability and explored the use of virtual reality to assess pedestrian preferences. Using Tehran’s Gisha neighborhood as a case study, researchers modeled various street designs and gathered feedback from university students. Results showed that green spaces and pedestrian amenities significantly increased walking interest. Virtual reality proved useful for evaluating design impacts before implementation, supporting healthier urban planning.