Continuous or Dichotomous Scales? Holistic and Analytic Thinking Styles Influence Response Fluency to Different Scale Formats and Trait-Consistent Behavior

Personality scales use response formats ranging from dichotomous to continuous. Understanding how individuals respond to these formats is crucial for interpreting the consequences of those responses. This research examines the moderating role of holistic-analytic thinking style on the impact of response formats on fluency and subsequent behavioral outcomes. Across multiple personality scales and methodological approaches ( N = 3,636), holistic (vs. analytic) thinkers experienced greater fluency with continuous (vs. dichotomous) scales. This effect was observed with measured and manipulated thinking styles (Studies 1 and 2) and replicated using cultural groups as a proxy (Study 3). We also explored psychological discomfort as a mechanism. A 3-point (Study 4) and a 6-point scale (Study 5) also elicited fluency among holistic individuals. Finally, matching thinking styles with scale formats affected behavioral intentions (Study 5) and behavior (Study 6). Our research indicates that choosing response formats should consider factors beyond psychometric properties, including cultural and individual differences.

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Publication Details

Journal
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Published
2026-08-14
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672261474563
Primary Topic
Cultural Differences and Values
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Continuous or Dichotomous Scales? Holistic and Analytic Thinking Styles Influence Response Fluency to Different Scale Formats and Trait-Consistent Behavior

David Santos, Blanca Requero, Hongyi Lin, Dilney Gonçalves
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Cultural Differences and Values
article

Continuous or Dichotomous Scales? Holistic and Analytic Thinking Styles Influence Response Fluency to Different Scale Formats and Trait-Consistent Behavior

David Santos, Blanca Requero, Hongyi Lin, Dilney Gonçalves
article en

Abstract

Personality scales use response formats ranging from dichotomous to continuous. Understanding how individuals respond to these formats is crucial for interpreting the consequences of those responses. This research examines the moderating role of holistic-analytic thinking style on the impact of response formats on fluency and subsequent behavioral outcomes. Across multiple personality scales and methodological approaches ( N = 3,636), holistic (vs. analytic) thinkers experienced greater fluency with continuous (vs. dichotomous) scales. This effect was observed with measured and manipulated thinking styles (Studies 1 and 2) and replicated using cultural groups as a proxy (Study 3). We also explored psychological discomfort as a mechanism. A 3-point (Study 4) and a 6-point scale (Study 5) also elicited fluency among holistic individuals. Finally, matching thinking styles with scale formats affected behavioral intentions (Study 5) and behavior (Study 6). Our research indicates that choosing response formats should consider factors beyond psychometric properties, including cultural and individual differences.

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
IE University (ES), Nanjing Normal University (CN), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (ES)
Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Quality Education
Openalex Percentile: Top 6%
Cultural Differences and Values
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Continuous or Dichotomous Scales? Holistic and Analytic Thinking Styles Influence Response Fluency to Different Scale Formats and Trait-Consistent Behavior — David Santos, Blanca Requero, et al. · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS